Christian Kingdoms- GLOSSARY

Cortes (Cortes) the assembly made up of members of the clergy, aristocrats and members of the bourgeoisie that helped the king to rule
Mesta (Mesta) an importnat organisation of sheep farmers that solved conflicts between its memers, among other missions
wool (lana) the material obtained from sheep; it is used to make cloth
absolute monarch (monarca/ rey absoluto) a system of government in which the king or queen has total authority over his or her kingdom and its subjects
auto de fe (auto de fe) a ritual of pubic penance by heretics condemned by the Inquisition
convert (converso) a person who changes religion
corregidor (corregidor) a representative of the king or queen with local administrative powers
heretic (hereje) a person whose religious beliefs are different from those of the Catholic Church
Inquisition (Inquisición) the religious court established by the Pope to supress heresy in Catholic countries
Morisco (morisco) Musilm living in the Christian Kingdoms who has accepted Christian baptism
religious uniformity (uniformidad religiosa) the government imposition of a single religion on the population
sanbenito (sanbenito) the clothing worn by penitent heretics convicted by the Inquisition during and auto de fe
viceroy (virrey) a person who rules a territory in the mane of the monarch
torture (tortura) the act of causing great pain, as punishment or revenge, for getting a confession or information, or just for cruelty

The Inquisition

The Inquisition from maggiesalgado

Castilla and Aragon Chart

Castilla and Aragon in the Middle Ages from maggiesalgado

El Camino de Santiago

In the 9th Century, Santiago de Compostela became one of the main destinations for Christian pilgrims. According to legend, the remains of the apostle James (Santiago in Spanish) were burried there, and a chrch was built on this site. Every year pilgrims from all over Europe came to Compostela to visit the apostle's tomb. The route taken by the pilgrims is known as the Road to Santiago (Camino de Santiago).

The Road to Santiago bacame of great importance to Castilian territories. Many businesses were started in the cities on the route to meet the travellers' needs.

It was also important in terms of cultural development. The pilgrims brought the fashions, styles and ways of thinking of other countries and, consequently, Western culture was brought to the Peninsula.

Some of the best examples of Romanesque buildings in Spain are found along the Road to Santiago.

Maps of the roads to Santiago de Compostela

The Catholic Monarchs

Catholic Monarchs from maggiesalgado

Christian Kingdoms in the Iberian Peninsula

Reconquest from maggiesalgado

Gothic in Spain

Gothic architecture in Spain from maggiesalgado

Cities of Al Andalus

Cities of Al Andalus from maggiesalgado

The Islamic house from maggiesalgado

Al Andalus

Al Andalus & Reconquest maps from maggiesalgado

Unit 3: Al Andalus

For our next class:

1) Prepare the cover for the new topic:

Unit 3: Al Andalus

2) Prepare the Glossar for Unit 3 and look for the Spanish word and the definition in English of the following terms: Emirate - Caliphate - Capiph - Taifa

3) In a physical map of Spain (that you have to buy in the stationery shop), label these elements:

In Black

Pyrenees - Cantabrian Range - Iberian System - Central System - Betic System - Sierra Morena - Nort Surplateau - South Surplateau - Penibetic Range - Balearic Islans - Africa - Straits of Gibraltar

In Blue 

Cantabrian Sea - Mediterranean Sea - River Guadalquivir - River Ebro - River Duero - River Tajo - River Jucar - River Segura - Gulf of Cadiz - Gulf of Biscay - Gulf of Valencia