Industrial Revolution: Working conditions

Industrial Revolution: Working conditions from maggiesalgado

Government Acts on working conditions from maggiesalgado

Changes in Britain 1750 – 1900

Changes in Britain, 1750 – 1900 from maggiesalgado

Industrial Revolution: Glossary

artisan: a skilled manual worker
cash crops: crops such as cotton, grown not for food but to be sold to process
cholera: a disease carried in water supplies contaminated by sewage. It is usually fatal
colony/es: a country ruled by another country
division of labour: the division of work into specialised tasks, each performed by a different person or group
domestic system: the main system of making goods before the Industrial Revolution. People worked in their own homes
engineer: a person who plans and builds machines, roads, etc.
entrepreneur: someone who makes money from establishing a business
export: transporting and selling goods that are made in certain country (e.g. Britain) abroad
factory: a building or grop of building with facilities and machinery for the manufacture of goods
import: when goods are brought into a country (e.g. Britain) from abroad
industrial: to do with industry, i.e. how people make things, especially in factories
Industrial Revolution: the time of great change when people began to make goods in factories using machines
invested: put money into a company to make a profit
loom: machine for weaving cloth
maufacturer: a factory owner, or someone who produces goods
markets: countries or areas of countries where traders sell their goods
marling: adding lime and clay
middle class: in effect, peoplewho are not working class but earn a living, e.g. doctors, businessmen, shopkeepers
patented: registered an invention so that no one else can copy it without paying money to the inventor
pauper: a very poor person who cannot support himself/ helself
polluted: made dirty
population: the number of people in a certain place
raw materials: natural materials such as coal or cotton which have to be turned into finished goods in a factory
sewage: the waste matter which goes through a sewer
sewer: a drain to carry away refuse and human excrement
slum: a dirty, overcrowded building or area
spindle: a rod which holds the thread in spinning
textile: woven cloth

Changes in Agriculture: Glossary

to plow (arar) to turn up soil with a plow

to harrow (gradar) to draw a harrow over land
harrow (rastra) an agricultural implement with spikelike teeth or upright disks, drawn over plowed land to level it, break clods, root up weeds, etc.

fallow (barbecho) land that has undergone plowing and harrowing and has been left uncultivated for one or more growing seasons
breeding (criar) the improvement or development of breeds of livestock
cattle (ganado) bovine animals
hedge (arbustos, setos) a row of bushes or small trees planted close together, especially when forming a fence or boundary
enclosure (cerramiento) the separation and appropriation of land by means of fence
seed drill (sembradora):  it is a sowing device that position seeds in the soil, at the proper depth, and then covers them


More information about changes in agriculture and the Industrial revolution, HERE